Battlefield robots were once thought of as the stuff of science fiction. But the Ukraine war has put paid to that view, with uncrewed ground vehicles (UGVs) – or ground robots – taking on an increasingly visible role. In September 2026, Mykhailo Fedorov, the former defence minister of Ukraine – who is generally credited for modernising the country’s use of military drones – called for an army of robots on the frontline.